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| Equipment and solar loads | |||
| Table 1: Cooling loads | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| Banks | 160 W/m2 | ||
| Computer suites | 400 W/m2 approx | ||
| Hotels: | 150-300 W/m2 | ||
| Offices (general) | 125 W/m2 | ||
| Interior zones more than 7 m from windows | 75 W/m2 | ||
| Perimeter zones | 60% glazing | 120 W/m2 | |
| up to 6 m | 65% glazing | 180 W/m2 | |
| Restauarants | 220 W/m2 | ||
| Retail buildings | 140 W/m2 | ||
| Table 2: Cooling plant | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| Central cooling plant | Load/m2 of floor area | 125 W/m2 | |
| Load/m3 of floor volume | 40 W/m3 | ||
| Distributed cooling plant | Load/m2 of floor area | 140 W/m2 | |
| Load/m3 of floor volume | 45 W/m3 | ||
| Electrical power for refrigeration plant | kW/kW cooling capacity | Central plant | 0·5 kW/kW |
| Distributed plant | 0·78 kW/kW | ||
| Table 3: Solar gains (floor area) | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| Windows with internal blinds | June-September | South facing | 250 W/m2 of glass |
| June-September | East-West facing | 150 W/m2 of glass | |
| Clear double glazed with internal blinds | Out of town buildings | All data for 6 m deep, | 2650 W instant |
| 1500 mm wide module. U-value 3·3 W/m2K | 2490 W lag (mass) | ||
| As above with flat slab | Plus brise soleil | 1860 W instant | |
| 1710 lag (mass) | |||
| As above with coffered slab | Plus brise soleil | 1860 W instant | |
| 1680 lag (mass) | |||
| Table 4: Heat loads | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| General buildings | Floor area | 90 W/m2 (30 W/m2) | |
| Educational buildings | 100 W/m2 | ||
| Industrial buildings | 80 W/m2 | ||
| Offices | 70 W/m2 | ||
| Residential buildings | 60 W/m2 | ||
| Retail buildings | 110 W/m2 | ||
| Heat gains | Offices | Metabolic | 10 W/m2 |
| Lighting | 12 W/m2 | ||
| General offices | Small power loads (diversified over minimum of 1000 m2) | 15 W/m2 | |
| Electrical systems | |||
| Table 1: Electrical supplies and loads | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| Electrical supply | Electrical motors | Above 3 kW rating | 3-phase supply |
| Electrical motors | Up to and including 3 kW rating | Direct on-line starting | |
| Electrical motors | Above 4 kW rating | Assisted start | |
| Electrical services load per m2 of building floor area for offices unless otherwise stated | Lighting | 10-12 W/m2 | |
| Small power diversified over a minimum of 1000 m2 | 15 W/m2 | ||
| Air conditioning | 60 W/m2 | ||
| Passenger lifts | 10 W/m2 | ||
| Small computer room | Net area | 200-400 W/m2 | |
| Bespoke call centres | Net area | 500-1000 W/m2 | |
| Total load (kVA) Design allowance for future expansion (percentage) | Total building load | Total kW/0·8 | |
| Percentage increase in load | Add 25% to exisitng capacity | ||
| Water consumption | |||
| Table 1: Hot water demand, daily | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| Dwellings | Single bedroom | 115 litres/bedroom | |
| Two bedrooms | 75 litres/bedroom | ||
| More than three bedrooms | 55 litres/bedroom | ||
| Student accommodation, nurses’, children’s and sheltered home | 70 litres/bedroom | ||
| Care home | 90 litres/bedroom | ||
| Hotels | Budget | 115 litres/bedroom | |
| Four/five star | 135 litres/bedroom | ||
| Offices, shops, factories | With canteen | 15 litres/person | |
| No canteen | 10 litres/person | ||
| Schools | Day school | 15 litres/pupil | |
| Boarding school | 114 litres/pupil | ||
| Hospitals | District general | 200 litres/bed | |
| Surgical and medical wards | 110 litres/bed | ||
| Paediatric wards | 125 litres/bed | ||
| Geriatric wards | 70 litres/bed | ||
| Sports changing rooms | Sports hall and swimming pool | 20 litres/person | |
| Field and all weather pitch | 35 litres/person | ||
| Places of assembly | Art gallery, bars and library | 2 litres/person (excluding staff) | |
| Museum, theatre, cinema and night club | 1 litre/person (excluding staff) | ||
| Table 2: Water demand, daily | |||
| Design area | Application | Other information | Rule of thumb |
| Dwellings | Single bedroom | 210 litres/bedroom | |
| Two bedrooms | 130 litres/bedroom | ||
| Over three bedrooms | 100 litres/bedroom | ||
| Student accommodation | 90-100 litres/bedroom | ||
| Nurses’ homes and sheltered homes | 120 litres/bed space | ||
| Children’s home, and elderly care home | 135 litres/bed space | ||
| Prison | 150 litres/inmate | ||
| Hotels | Budget | 135-150 litres/bedroom | |
| Four/five star | 200 litres/bedroom | ||
| Offices, shops, factories | With canteen | 45 litres/person | |
| No canteen | 40 litres/person | ||
| Schools | Nursery and primary | 15 litres/pupil | |
| Secondary | 20 litres/pupil | ||
| Boarding | 90 litres/pupil | ||
| Hospitals | District general | 600 litres/bed | |
| Surgical wards | 220 litres/bed | ||
| Medical wards | 220 litres/bed | ||
| Paediatric wards | 300 litres/bed | ||
| Geriatric | 140 litres/bed | ||
| Sports changing rooms | Sports hall and swimming pool | 20 litres/person | |
| Field and all weather pitch | 35 litres/person | ||
| Places of assembly | Art gallery, library and museum | 6 litres/person (excluding staff) | |
| Bars and night club | 4 litres/person (excluding staff) | ||